A look back at 2025 and what to look out for in 2026

General advice warning:

The information in this update is of a general advice nature only and has been prepared without taking into account your personal objectives, financial situation or needs.  Because of that, you should, before acting on the advice, consider the appropriateness of the advice, having regard to those things and seek advice and assistance from a qualified financial adviser.

January Show 2026
A look back at 2025 and what to look out for in 2026
Underlying Influences as we head into 2026

Looking into 2026, what are some key economic themes to look out for?

International

  • What will the Fed in the USA do about their interest rates and inflation?
  • What will happen between Trump and Powell?
  • AI related companies are growing at unprecedented rates and need to deliver on productivity gains.
  • There are geopolitical flashpoints everywhere.
  • The cost of everything just keeps going up.

Australia

  • We expect to still see ongoing housing concerns with an unaffordable issue for the next and future generations.
  • How will AI benefit companies and employment?
  • Who will be our trading partners?
  • The world has some uncertainty in the world order, and we tend to supply resources to them all.
  • The cost of everything just keeps going up.
  • How do we deal with an aging population?

What to look out for in 2026

Let’s look at some of the key considerations within the different investment styles:

Beware or embrace the rise of Index investing

Index investing risks include market-cap concentration, limited downside protection, and forced exposure to overvalued stocks. Investors cannot avoid declining sectors or poor governance. Returns fully reflect market downturns, while structural changes, bubbles, or index rebalancing can amplify losses and reduce diversification benefits.

However…

Only 29% of active investment managers beat the index according to the SPIVA Australian Mid-Year 2025 Scorecard.

Beware the rise of Private Equity investments

Private equity risks include illiquidity, long investment horizons, high leverage, valuation opacity, manager dependence, and limited transparency. Returns are sensitive to economic cycles, interest rates, and exit conditions. Capital can be locked up during downturns, amplifying losses and reducing portfolio flexibility.

Look under the bonnet of the ETF

ETF investing has produced low cost, faster to market and lower transaction costs.

It is important thought to have a good understanding and know what they are investing in. There is a number of smart beta approaches that in our opinion could replace active managers. But there could be some that potentially use an ETF wrapper to hide the underlying investments.

Beware of Unlisted Assets that can seem attractive if markets become volatile

Unlisted assets carry illiquidity, valuation uncertainty, and long investment horizons. They are often less transparent, with limited public information, making performance monitoring difficult. High leverage, manager risk, and dependence on successful exits amplify losses. Market downturns can delay liquidity, locking capital and reducing portfolio flexibility.

Take some profits

You will need some strategy to accept volatility and lock in some gains. When we go over the look back at 2025, that year certainly was one for the history books on unpredictability. With so much uncertainty on the geopolitical front one thing is for sure 2026 will have a lot of surprises.

You cannot predict markets, but you can plan for them  

Major market indicators – How did 2025 play out?

31-Dec-25 30-Nov-25 31-Oct-25 Qtr change 1 year change
Interest Rates (at close of period)
Aus 90-day Bank Bills3.71%3.65%3.56%3.58%+13.0
Aus 10yr Bond4.76%4.42%4.23%4.30%+46.2
US 90-day T-Bill3.57%3.73%3.73%3.86%-29.0
US 10 yr Bond4.16%4.02%4.10%4.15%+1.5
Currency (against the AUD)
US Dollar0.6670.6560.6550.6630.62%
British Pound0.4970.4940.4980.4921.18%
Euro0.5700.5640.5660.5631.39%
Japanese Yen104.53102.29100.8397.816.87%
Trade-Weighted Index62.2061.2061.2061.301.47%
Equity Markets
Australian All Ordinaries1.3%-2.5%0.5%-0.8%10.6%
MSCI Australia Value (AUD)2.7%-3.0%2.0%1.6%13.6%
MSCI Australia Growth (AUD)-0.9%-3.8%-1.9%-6.5%-4.3%
S&P 500 (USD)0.1%0.2%2.3%2.7%17.9%
MSCI US Value (USD)0.8%1.8%-0.9%1.6%13.7%
MSCI US Growth (USD)-0.7%-1.4%5.1%2.9%21.1%
MSCI World (USD)0.8%0.3%2.0%3.2%21.6%
Nikkei (YEN)0.3%-4.1%16.7%12.2%28.7%
CSI 300 (CNY)2.5%-2.4%0.2%0.2%21.0%
FTSE 100 (GBP)2.3%0.4%4.1%6.9%25.8%
DAX (EUR)2.7%-0.5%0.3%2.6%23.0%
Euro 100 (EUR)1.1%0.1%3.1%4.3%22.5%
MSCI Emerging Markets (USD)3.0%-2.4%4.2%4.8%34.4%
Commodities
Iron Ore (USD)1.9%-0.8%3.7%1.1%6.2%
Crude Oil WTI U$/BBL-2.3%-5.1%-2.2%-7.3%-21.0%
Gold Bullion $/t oz3.0%5.6%3.8%8.7%64.7%
Sources: Quilla, Refinitiv Datastream

Let’s look at what happened in 2025:

On April 2 came “Liberation Day,” and with it the USA “reciprocal tariff rates” that were much higher than anyone expected on nearly every country around the world.

The market reaction was swift, with the S&P 500’s decline reaching -21% by April 7, the 2nd fastest bear market in history.

When the market closed on April 8, it was down over 15% on the year, the 4th worst start to a year in history.

On April 9, President Trump did a 180-degree reversal, initiating a 90-day pause on the higher planned tariff rates for all countries except China.

The US stock market rose 9.5% that day in its third biggest one-day gain since 1950.

Looking at the following chart, the world appears to be cutting interest rates.

The US Federal Reserve cut rates by another 75 basis points (bps) (25 bps in September, October, and December), adding to the 100 bps of rate cuts in 2024.

Why did the Fed cut rates?

Growing evidence of a weaker labour market, which saw the Unemployment Rate rise to 4.6% (highest since September 2021) and jobs growth slow to just 10k per month (over the last 4 months, fewest since 2020 recession).

They seem to be ignoring that for now, with US CPI averaging close to 4% per year since the start of 2020, nearly double the Fed’s target.

While Americans live in the real world of punishing cumulative inflation, the Fed is only focused on how much prices have increased over the last 12 months. And while even those prices have yet to hit the Fed’s 2% target (latest CPI report showed a 2.7% Year on Year (YoY) increase), the Fed still believes monetary easing is warranted.

The recession that many predicted during the tariff tantrum in April never arrived.

But naturally, the exact opposite occurred, with imports spiking due to the front-running of tariffs and international stocks outperforming US stocks by their widest margin since 1993.

  • US Large Caps (S&P 500) outperformed US Small Caps (Russell 2000) by 5% in 2025, their 5th straight year of outperformance. That ties 1994-1998 for the longest streak of Large Cap outperformance ever. That prior streak was followed by six straight years of Small Cap outperformance (1999-2004).
  • Growth stocks outperformed Value stocks by 3% in 2025, their third straight year of outperformance and a record eighth year outperformance in the past nine years. The ratio of Growth to Value has surpassed the March 2000 bubble peak.​

The US Tech sector outperformance hit a new record high in 2025, moving above the peak from 2024 and March 2000.

And concentration among the “Magnificent Seven” stocks ended the year at close to 35%, another record high. The weighting of the top 10 stocks in the S&P 500 grew to a record 39% as the biggest stocks in the index outperformed once again.

Leading the charge was Nvidia, which became the world’s biggest company in 2025 and the first ever to surpass a $5 trillion market cap.

Gold ended 2025 up over 64%, its best year since 1979.

Up until early October, Bitcoin seemed to be benefitting from many of the same narratives, but after a 36% correction it would end the year down 6%.

Australia

The 10 least affordable major cities around the world

So, which major markets are the least affordable around the world?

1. Hong Kong, China
Median multiple: 16.7

2. Sydney, Australia
Median multiple: 13.8

3. Vancouver, Canada
Median multiple: 12.3

4. San Jose, USA
Median multiple: 11.9

5. Los Angeles, USA
Median multiple: 10.9

6. Honolulu, USA
Median multiple: 10.5

7. Melbourne, Victoria
Median multiple: 9.8

8. Adelaide, South Australia & San Francisco, USA
Median multiple: 9.7

9. San Diego, USA
Median multiple: 9.5

10. Toronto, Canada
Median multiple: 9.3

What about the rest of Australia?

It probably didn’t surprise many people that Sydney and Melbourne were among the 10 least affordable markets around the world, but the South Australian capital of Adelaide has now joined them. You may be thinking how did the other major Aussie cities fare? The news isn’t great. According to the report, all five of Australia’s major housing markets have been severely unaffordable since the early 2000s, and currently, Brisbane (8.1) sits at equal 12th place on the list with the Greater London area in the UK and Miami in the USA and Perth (6.8) at equal 15th with Boston, USA. Hobart and Darwin have not currently made the list.


Source: https://www.canstar.com.au/home-loans/expensive-cities-buy-property/

How did the Share market perform?

I asked Chat GPT for a summary – Below are key investment themes for 2026, written in bullet form and structured for clarity. The themes reflect medium-term structural trends rather than short-term market calls.

1. Australia as a Critical Minerals and Energy Supplier

  • Australia’s role as a global supplier of lithium, iron ore, copper, and rare earths strengthens

  • Long-term demand driven by electrification, AI data centres, and energy transition

  • Greater value capture through onshore processing and refining encouraged by government policy

  • Diversification away from single-country export dependence remains a strategic priority

  • Volatility persists, favouring disciplined operators with low-cost assets and strong balance sheets

2. AI, Automation, and Productivity Uplift

  • Australia’s productivity challenge increases adoption of AI and automation across sectors
  • Key beneficiaries include software, logistics, mining services, and financial services
  • AI-driven optimisation improves margins in capital-intensive industries like resources and infrastructure
  • Growing demand for data centres, cloud services, and digital infrastructure domestically
  • Skilled labour shortages accelerate investment in productivity-enhancing technologies

3. Energy Transition Balanced with Reliability

  • Continued investment in renewables (solar, wind) supported by policy and economics
  • Expansion of energy storage, grid upgrades, and transmission infrastructure
  • Nuclear debate increases focus on long-duration energy solutions and SMR research
  • Infrastructure-style energy assets attract long-term institutional capital

4. Asia-Centric Growth and Trade Realignment

  • Australia’s economic fortunes remain closely tied to Asia’s middle-class growth
  • Southeast Asia and India gain prominence alongside China
  • Education, tourism, agriculture, and healthcare services benefit from regional demand
  • Supply-chain diversification favours Australia as a stable, rule-of-law partner
  • Currency movements play a larger role in offshore investment outcomes

5. Higher-for-Longer Interest Rates and Housing Dynamics

  • Elevated interest rates reshape consumer behaviour and asset valuations
  • Preference for companies with pricing power, low leverage, and recurring revenue
  • Housing undersupply supports residential construction and building materials over the medium term
  • Infrastructure and essential services offer inflation-linked cash flows
  • Active management becomes more valuable in navigating sector dispersion

6. Financial Services and Capital Discipline

  • Australian banks benefit from scale, strong capital positions, and oligopolistic structure
  • Margin pressure offset by cost control and technology investment
  • Wealth management and superannuation continue to consolidate
  • Private credit grows as banks remain selective in lending
  • Regulation remains a barrier to entry, favouring incumbents

7. Climate Adaptation and Natural Capital

  • Increasing investment in water infrastructure, flood mitigation, and resilient agriculture
  • Opportunities in agricultural technology, crop science, and sustainable land management
  • Insurance pricing and risk modelling evolve due to climate volatility
  • Carbon markets and biodiversity credits gain institutional interest
  • Government co-investment supports long-duration projects

8. Healthcare, Ageing, and Biotech

  • Ageing population drives demand for healthcare services and medical technology
  • Growth in diagnostics, CSL-style biologics, and healthcare infrastructure
  • Digital health adoption improves efficiency and access
  • Export-oriented healthcare companies benefit from global demand
  • R&D intensity remains high, rewarding patient capital

9. Infrastructure and Real Assets as Portfolio Anchors

  • Transport, utilities, ports, and digital infrastructure remain core holdings
  • Inflation-linked revenue streams appeal to superannuation funds
  • Public–private partnerships expand funding capacity
  • Selective exposure to commercial property as valuations reset
  • Long-duration assets suit Australia’s retirement savings system

10. Portfolio Construction for Australian Investors

  • Increased offshore exposure to manage concentration risk in the ASX
  • Currency hedging becomes an active decision, not a default
  • Focus on income resilience and downside protection
  • Structural themes favoured over short-term macro timing

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